What causes Pterygium?

Have you ever noticed a strange, fleshy growth on the white part of your eye? It could be Pterygium, also known as Surfer’s eye—a non-cancerous growth that develops on the conjunctiva and can extend onto the cornea. While it may sound alarming, it’s quite common, especially in people who spend a lot of time outdoors. But what really causes it? Let’s break it down! 

1. Too Much UV Exposure 

Spending a lot of time under the sun without eye protection? One of the biggest culprits of Pterygium is spending a lot of time under the sun, without eye protection. Like skin damage, UV rays can also cause vision issues such as abnormal tissue growth in your eye, leading to Pterygium. This is why Pterygium is also known as ‘surfer’s eye’, due to most cases being from those who spend time in bright environments like beaches.  

Prevention Tip: Wearing UV-blocking sunglasses and a hat when outdoors is just as important as wearing sunscreen. Your eyes will thank you!  

2. Wind & Dust 

 Strong winds and airborne particles can irritate your eyes, making them dry and inflamed. Constant exposure to dust and wind can contribute to the development of Pterygium. 

 Prevention Tip: If you spend time in dry, dusty environments, wearing protective eyewear like sunglasses will keep irritants out, while also providing UV protection.  

3. Dry, Harsh Climates 

Living in a dry or tropical area may make your eyes more vulnerable! Pterygium is more common in places where the air lacks moisture, causing irritation and leading to eye tissue changes. 

Prevention Tip: It’s recommended to keep your eyes hydrated with lubricating eye drops or artificial tears, especially during dry seasons like winter.  

4. Genetics 

 In many cases, it is not just the environment—it’s in your genes. If someone in your family has had Pterygium, you may have a higher chance of developing it too.  

While you can’t change genetics, you can take steps to protect your eyes from the environmental triggers that make it worse, with occasional eye check-ups and following the prevention tips previously mentioned.  

Pterygium isn’t just a cosmetic concern—it can lead to discomfort and, in some cases, vision problems. If you’re noticing irritation, redness, or a growth in your eye, don’t wait!  

👁️ Book an eye exam with SA Eye Specialists today! 

📍 Visit us at 27 Woodville Rd, Woodville South 

📞 Call us at +61 8 8243 0900 

Your vision matters—let’s keep it clear and healthy!